Business Research Methods in the Family Businesses Survey

Question: Talk about theBusiness Research Methods in the Family Businesses Survey. Answer: Assessment of the Secondary Data Family-run organizations make a vital association in the economy of Australia, connoting approximately 66% of the large business. Assessment of optional information is really depicted as leftover appraisal (Beaulieu, 2012). It is the appraisal of data or information, which was gathered likewise by means of someone for sure, for example experts, foundations, particular NGOs, and so forth, in any case on the side of some of extra inspiration than the one being estimated right now, or a mix of the two. In case optional research just as assessment of information is gotten a handle on with care and advancement, it might give a financially adroit strategy to snatching a wide attention to look into request. Auxiliary insights are similarly obliging in arranging following crucial research notwithstanding furnishing a benchmark in which to consider essential measurements hoarding. Therefore, it is continually smart to begin each assessment progress amidst an audit of the auxiliary data (Casse Lee, 2011). Auxiliary information assessment and survey joins gathering and isolating a mind blowing pack of information. To enable a specialist to remain centered, his/her basic step should develop a statement of expectation a sorted out essentialness of the clarification behind his/her examination and an assessment course of action. Mission statement: Having an all around depicted explanation an undeniable impression of why gathering the information is significant and the sort of data a scientist needs to amass, dismantle, just as understand will help him/her stay centered and keep him/her from persuading the chance to be overpowered with the volume of information. Optional can be gotten from power estimations, specific reports, and sagacious journals, composing study articles, trade journals and reference books. What's more, such information is found on the web. Official encounters are estimations gathered by governments and their particular work environments, associations, and divisions. These encounters can be beneficial to specialists since they are an effectively possible and wide wellspring of information that when in doubt covers drawn out reaches out of time. In any case, since power estimations are once in a while delineated by steadfastness, information breaks, over-get-together, messes up, customary irregularities, and nonappearance of favorable detailing, it is vital to from a general perspective research official piece of information for exactness and genuineness (Cnossen, 2010). There are two or three methods of reasoning why such issues is available: Degree of intensity surveys all around needs boundless measures of inspectors additionally, with a specific genuine goal to achieve the figure analysts charged is often less-gifted Proportions of an examination zone and investigation assortment by and large guidelines out alluring organization of analysts notwithstanding the examination technique Explicit resource detainments routinely balance supportive and exact inclusion of the result. Explicit insight is a report of endeavors made on examine meanders. Diaries of an educational sort usually have knowledge of uncommon examinations and completing tests framed due to experts in explicit turfs. Made diagram works accumulate and survey novel research concerning a particular point. Trade diaries contain articles that examine conventional information concerning various fields. The latter was the procedure used to accumulate auxiliary information in the secretly run organization report. The Research Design utilized in the Family Business Survey Regardless of the realities that broadening a working plan, there is no need requesting stuff or arranging a key date for completing of wander stages except if somebody sees the sort of structure being accumulated. The key choice is either to set up a central command building, a mechanical office for storing contraption, a classified habitation or a space square. Fully expecting doing this, we can't draw a methodology, get licenses, think of a work schedule or solicitation materials (Easterby-Smith et al, 2016). So in addition, open investigation requires a setup or a structure before assessment of information. Actually, a Research Design isn't just a plan like some other. Work blueprint unnoticeable fragments what must be done to complete the wander regardless, such a plan may spill out of the wander's Research Design. The purpose of restriction of a Research Design ensures that the confirmation got engages an analyst to react to the covered data as obviously as could be permitted. Getting giant validation fuses picking the sort of certification expected that would react to the investigation request, to examine a suspicion, to assess a program and to outline adequately different thoughts. Around the day's end, while arranging investigation specialists need to ask: given the investigation request and theory, what sort of confirmation is relied on to react to the question and checking the speculation convincingly? In a distribution by FAO (2011), inquire about structure deals with a levelheaded issue rather than a decided issue. For example, before a maker or an organizer developing a diagram or request fittings, they should set up the kind of structure required first, its adventures notwithstanding the necessities of the inhabitants. The activity streams from this. So also, in aggregate investigation the issues of appraisal, system for information assortment, for example outlines, affectability records, alongside assessment, and the arrangement of interest are valuable to the issue of the affirmation of sources as proof. Too routinely, assessors configuration reviews or begin meeting ludicrously before plan, before absolutely remembering the data that they requirement for a reaction to requests close by. Without overseeing such investigation matters not long before starting, the wrap up will commonly be weak just as unremarkable and neglects to rejoin the analytical issue. Also, are a significant part of the time separated and subjective just as quantitative research frameworks? Social surveys and assessments are routinely observed as significant cases of Quantitative Research and are evaluated contrary to the characteristics and inadequacies of logical, Quantitative Research systems and assessment. Authentic assessments, on the other hand, are intermittently seen as prime instances of subjective research, which understands an interpretive method to manage administer information, thinks about effects inside their dumbfounding situation and considers the emotional repercussions that people give to the ir condition (Ghauri Grnhaug, 2012). Research configuration isn't related to a particular strategy for social affair information or a particular sort of information. On a fundamental level, any examination configuration can use whichever sort of collection method and may maybe use quantitative or subjective numbers. The plan of research implies the structure of a request; it is a lucid issue rather than a vital one. The Sampling Strategy utilized in the Family Business Survey It would be exorbitant and repetitive to accumulate information from the whole masses of a market. Along these lines, monetary scientists make expansive of reviewing from which, through attentive plan and examination, sponsors or researchers can draw information about their picked territory. Test plans can change from simple to complex. They rely on the kind of information required and the manner in which the example is picked. Test configuration impacts the navigate of the example and the course wherein assessment is done; in clear terms the more precision the analyst requires, the also stupefying the plan and more noteworthy the model size may get the chance to be. As indicated by Gerard (2013), the model arrangement may make utilization of the qualities of the general market individuals, yet it doesn't ought to be tolerably illustrative. It might be basic to draw a more noteworthy example than would be average from a few portions of the individuals; for instance, to pick more from a minority get-together to guarantee adequate information is gotten for assessment on such social gatherings. Different example plans are worked around the chance of self-confident choice. Optional affirmation also prepares for test incline such that picking as a delayed consequence of a decision or comfort ignores. The fundamental stage in an extraordinary model arrangement is to guarantee that the detail of the objective individuals is as clear and brief as could be typical considering the present circumstance. This is to guarantee that all sections inside the individuals are exemplified. The objective individuals are analyzed utilizing a testing graph. Routinely, the units in the majority can be seen by potential information, for example, affiliation records, government registers and whatnot. An assessing case could in like way be geological. For instance, postcodes have changed into a general utilized methodology for choosing an example. Glenn (2013) states that for any model plan, choosing the fitting example size will rely upon a couple key components: No check picked from an example is dependable as right: questions concerning the wide-running populace taking into account the eventual outcomes of an example will have a joined safety buffer To make an extension for research, give and take, needs a bigger example measure: the figuring of change in the masses, in other words, the assortment of attributes or opinions, may likewise influence accuracy and as such, scope of the segment The conviction level is the likelihood that the results procured from the example exist in a necessary exactness: the higher the assurance level, the more certain you wish to be that the results are not atypical. Examiners normally use a 95% sureness level to give strong ends Popul

Overview of the Worlds Offset Time Zones

Outline of the World's Offset Time Zones While the greater part of the world knows about time zones that vary in augmentations of 60 minutes, there are numerous spots on the planet that utilization counterbalance time zones. These time zones are balanced by a half-hour or even fifteen minutes off of the standard twenty four time zones of the world. The twenty four time zones of the world depend on fifteen degree additions of longitude. This is so in light of the fact that the earth takes twenty four hours to turn and there are 360 degrees of longitude, so 360 separated by 24 equivalents 15. In this way, in one hour the sun moves across fifteen degrees of longitude. The balance time zones of the world were intended to all the more likely arrange early afternoon as the point in the day when the sun is at its most elevated point in the sky. India, the universes second most crowded nation uses a counterbalance time zone. India is a half-hour in front of Pakistan toward the west and a half-hour behind Bangladesh toward the east. Iran is a half-hour in front of its western neighbor Iraq while Afghanistan, only east of Iran, is an hour in front of Iran however is a half-hour behind neighboring nations, for example, Turkmenistan and Pakistan. Australias Northern Territory and South Australia are counterbalanced in the Australian Central Standard Time zone. These focal bits of the nation are counterbalanced by being a half-hour behind the east (Australian Eastern Standard Time) coast however 90 minutes in front of the territory of Western Australia (Australian Western Standard Time). In Canada, a great part of the region of Newfoundland and Labrador are in the Newfoundland Standard Time (NST) zone, which is a half-hour in front of Atlantic Standard Time (AST). The island of Newfoundland and southeastern Labrador are in NST while the rest of Labrador alongside neighboring territories New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and Nova Scotia lie in AST. Venezuelas balance time zone was set up by President Hugo Chavez in late 2007. Venezuelas balance time zone makes it a half hour sooner than Guyana toward the east and a half hour later than Colombia toward the west. One of the most abnormal time zone balances is Nepal, which is fifteen minutes behind neighboring Bangladesh, which is on a standard time zone. Close by Myanmar (Burma), is a half-hour in front of Bangladesh yet an hour in front of balance India. The Australian region of the Cocos Islands shares the time zone of Myanmar. The islands of Marquesas in French Polynesia are likewise counterbalanced and are a half-hour in front of the remainder of French Polynesia. Utilize the Elsewhere on the Web joins related with this article to investigate increasingly about balance time zones, including maps.

Finding Community at SIPA COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Finding Community at SIPA COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Thanks to a former Admissions program assistant and SIPA 18 graduate for this post! One of the reasons why I chose to attend SIPA was because I wanted to engage with and learn from the large and diverse student body. That being said, I was also concerned about getting lost in a larger program my fears were quickly assuaged given that SIPA provides numerous opportunities to build community from Day 1.  Activities ranging from orientation week to organization fairs are abundant. Below is a list of some places that I found strong community. Orientation Cohorts Orientation week was a great way to meet fellow students was through my cohort (Seeples Group D!). Spending a week with a group of students, learning about SIPA, Columbia, and New York was both fun and allowed me to build a strong sense of community within my first several weeks on campus. My cohort still has reunions and some of my best friends at school were in that group! Student Organizations I was involved in a variety of student organizations at SIPA, which really added to my experience. It took me a semester to decide which ones I ultimately wanted to join. These groups range from SIPA Vets to Women in Leadership and are a fantastic way to not only learn about a wide array of topics but also provide extensive leadership opportunities. I also became involved in groups at both the Law and Business schools to gain a different perspective. Regional Institutes Columbia’s regional institutes are a tremendous asset to SIPAs program. Ranging from the Weatherhead to the Harriman Institutes, these institutes are a fantastic place to find community both with fellow Seeples in addition to students from the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. The institutes provide a wide array of cultural activities throughout the year, book talks, discussion groups, and many other events and resources. They were a major part of my life and community throughout the past several years! International Trips I participated in multiple student-led international trips during my time at SIPA. They were the highlight of my time here, and there is nothing that builds community like wandering around ancient ruins or being stuck on a train for 15 hours straight with a group of fellow Seeples. The trips allow you to experience the best of what SIPA has to offer â€" learning about international relations, policies, and cultures. Try to take advantage of these experiences you will come away with lifelong friends! Columbia Community Service There are a myriad of community service opportunities sponsored by the University. They are a fantastic way to serve with fellow students and faculty as well as get to know residents on the Upper West Side.

The, The Salem Witch Trials And The Civil Rights Movement...

It is often affirmed that as the most dominant species on planet earth, human beings essentially rule the way in which our world has evolved; we have cognitive abilities that allow us to explore a multitude of complex variables, utilize logic, formulate a wide range of choices, and act out our decisions. However, even as highly logical creatures, humans have the propensity to be influenced by the choices of others or information presented to them, form groups of like-minded individuals, and participate in behaviors they would likely not have undertaken on their own. This particular behavior has been coined the â€Å"mob mentality and under it, people appear to become mindless automatons that lack any ability to act on their own thoughts. While there are perfect examples of mob mentalities doing good, such as the pivotal march on Washington during the Civil rights movement of the 1960’s, to something as simple as the yearly gathering of like-minded individuals at the Burnin g Man Festival, there are far more insidious examples such as the Holocaust, the Salem Witch trials, and Bacon’s Rebellion. In the realm of human behavior, each of these â€Å"events† is representational of what psychology defines as a mob or herd mentality and this group behavior has been an intrinsic quality of human civilizations throughout history. As such, this writer believes that Bacon’s Rebellion is a prime example of the negative implications mob mentalities are capable of generating. However theShow MoreRelatedThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1001 Words   |  5 PagesToday there are kids and adults that wonder why the events of the Salem witch trials actually happened because everyone was blamed for no reason and all people did was make excuses. Those types of people also wonder how the people back then were tricked into believing that witches existed and they had to deal with everything that happened in a harsh manner because everyone was in a  "I can’t get in trouble let me blame someone else† type of attitude. There are many beliefs today that witches likeRead MoreEssay about McCarthyism versus the Salem Witch Trials1198 Words   |  5 Pagesaccused of crimes so absurd that when put to trial, they name others of the same crime to redirect the focus from them to others like it happens in the actual day, every year, with minor cases. McCarthyism was one of those cases that changed history, likewise the Salem Witch Trials. McCarthyism had the same effect on people, people who were accused of communism blame others to lessen their penalty like in the Salem Witch Trials, so how the Salem Witch Trials and the McCarthy Era can connects althoughRead MoreSalem Witch Trials And Religious Superstition1411 Words   |  6 Pagesseventeenth century in colonial Salem, Massachusetts, two girls began acting in an uncanny manner. These girls then accused two woman and a slave for being witches; which caused the town of Sal em to emerge into a period of witch cleansing. Mostly, the people of Salem were Puritans who found many different reasons to accuse one of being a witch. The start of the witch trials began in 1692 and ended in 1693 by Governor Phips; whose wife was prosecuted as a witch. These Salem Witch Trials began by religious superstitionRead MoreRed Scare, KKK, Civil War Brought Fear to America1717 Words   |  7 PagesAfrican-American activist using tactics of intimidation and violence. After staying relatively quiet during the late 1800’s the KKK began to gain power and influence in the early 1900s. This second era of the Klan came about because of the civil rights movements and the release of the 1915 movie â€Å"Birth of a Nation. This movie portrayed African-Americans as unintelligent misogynists. The â€Å"second era† KKK was not only anti African-Americans. The KKK were also anti Catholics, Jews, immigrants. TheyRead MoreThe Crucible : An Allegory For The Red Scare2011 Words   |  9 Pagesalso feared the threat of Black Americans being equal in status to White Americans during the Civil Rights movement. Although the crucible takes place in 1692, Salem, it reflects the concerns of 1950?s American life and is an allegory for the Red Scare, and Homosexuality. [2: Wall, Wendy. Anti-Communism in the 1950s. www.gilderlehrman.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2016. .] The Crucible takes place in Salem, Massachusetts, which was a puritan town.[endnoteRef:3] Reverend Parris is praying over hisRead MoreLiterary Analysis : The Crucible 1195 Words   |  5 Pageshave been categorized, discriminated against, and treated according to their class, financial status, and race. Many concrete and obvious examples of this have appeared throughout the years, ranging from the Salem witch trials in the late 1600’s, all the way to the recent civil rights movements in the 1950’s and 60’s. Social history uses personal stories to show how class/status and race played a part in the way people were treated in America. In â€Å"The Crucible†, a play about people being accused ofRead MoreThe Litany Of Atlanta By Du Bois874 Words   |  4 PagesOn September 22, 1906, the most heinous and ambiguous racial riot occurred in Atlanta, Georgia. Unbeknownst to many Atlanta natives, an actual civil movement presented itself in the center of Georgia capitol. It is still in question whether or not the over exaggerated news articles or the growing traction between two the races resulted in the riot but consequently the tension between the blacks and whites led to the murder of African American men and women and some white. Thus W.E.B. Du Bois, founderRead MoreHistorical Steps Toward Religious Liberty824 Words   |  4 PagesWhat follows is a skimpy sketch of some things you should know. There were three types of colonies: Charter: The king grants a license to run a colony on â€Å"his† land in America. Proprietary: The king gives land and all rights to run a colony to an individual or a group. The colony then belongs to the proprietor(s). Royal: The king owns the colony. Though religious freedom is often cited as the reason for people migrating from England to America, it is too simplistic. It is more accurate to sayRead MoreSlavery, Abolition and the South2526 Words   |  10 Pagesown European culture in this land. The Blacks were stripped of their culture and their land. The main political developments for this time period affected the Blacks in a negative way. They were not to be considered human so they had no legal or civil rights. There were laws created to enforce cruel and sometimes deadly punishments on slaves that resisted the harsh treatment put upon them; laws that had an effect on the Black slaves like the ones started in Virginia, that declared that all White menRead MoreHow Does Literature Shape American Culture?968 Words   |  4 PagesThe Scarlet Letter, The Narrative of the Life of Fredric Douglass and various other works of literature are all pieces of American literature that have helped shape American society. The Scarlet Letter written by Nathaniel Hawthorne takes place in Salem, Massachusetts in the sixteen hundreds. Hester Prynne is accused of committing adultery in her small puritan settlement but little does the town know that the father is in fact Reverend Dismmesdale. Having sent his wife ahead of him two years before

The Case Of Sovaldi Drug - 1386 Words

The manufacturers of Sovaldi drug are also of the opinion that government and public officials do not take into account all the benefits mostly economically which emanate from the prescription of the drug. They argue that the high price is very effective in limiting or completely getting done with other hospital expenses that would be incurred in the long run because the drug is effective in the curing of the disease rather than the management of symptoms over the years and, therefore, savings (Charles, 2015). . Most states that try to limit the use of Sovaldi have received lots of lawsuits that analysts say not the definite solution of the underlying problem with Sovaldi being just the first of many highly effective but expensive drugs that are expected in the market due to the ever increasing cases of chronic diseases. As much as Medicaid being able to cover the costs of other expensive specialty drugs for other diseases such as HIV and cystic fibrosis but the case of Sovaldi is quite different given the fact that a large population suffers from the disease that it treats with the prevalence of hepatitis C among the Medicaid recipients being quite high. There have been several proposed federal solutions including; price controls, the creation of a supply chain where the federal government could buy quantities of the drug at a discount and also to sell the drug to the states at a low price. The issue has not yet been taken by the Congress with states still being given theShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Hepatitis C Virus On Health Care And Ensuring Healthy Profit Margins1537 Words   |  7 Pagespayor system has evolved to dictate the care its members receive through, at worst, a rationing of services. This has frequently been the case when new medication and experimental treatments become available. The most recent instance is the case of newly released drugs with astounding success rates for the cure of Hepatitis C Virus. The rulings of past civil cases requiring insurers to cover medical treatment despite contract clauses has set the stage for Hepatitis C Virus curative treatment. HepatitisRead MoreTop Years Forecasting On Sales Of Sovaldi And Harvoni1052 Words   |  5 PagesForecasting on Sales of Sovaldi and Harvoni Yushuo Xu St. John’s University â€Æ' Ten Years Forecasting on Sales of Sovaldi and Harvoni ACC 600 Small Case Study Yushuo Xu Background Hepatitis C is a liver disease caused by the hepatitis C virus. According to related research, about 2.7 million persons in the United States have chronic hepatitis C virus infection, and globally about 130–150 million people have chronic hepatitis C infection. Drugs information There are some drugs now able to cure HepatitisRead MoreA Short Note On Hepatitis C And Its Effects1565 Words   |  7 PagesSciences created the medicine by the name of Sofosbuvir (Sovaldi). The difference between Sovaldi and other hepatitis C treatments that have been used over the years is that Sovaldi is the only treatment that cures the disease rather than managing its symptoms in order to decrease the severity like the other treatments do. For this reason many physicians desire to prescribe Sovaldi to suffering patients, but often times cannot do so because the drug is not covered by all State Medicaid policies; thereforeRead MoreHepatitis C Is Not A Public Health Crisis1473 Words   |  6 PagesIV drug use (CDC, 2014). Other modes of transmission includes blood transfusion or coming in contact with someone’s blood, accidental needlestick injuries among health care workers (e.g., nurses and phlebotomists), sexual contact (rare) and infants born to mothers who have the disease. These above medical and demographic facts make HCV a serious threat on public health. Overview of drug Sovaldi also known as Sofosbuvir is one of the latest anti- HCV drug in the market (Ollove, 2014). The drug hasRead MoreEffective Treatment Of Hepatitis C1809 Words   |  8 Pagesthere has been a recent breakthrough with a new drug called sovaldi , giving 90% success rate, which has effectively revolutionized the medical industry. Therefore, this extended essay will examine the significance of sovaldi (especially pricing) on the mortality and morbidity of those suffering from Hepatitis C in Pakistan. I will explore if there is a justification for the exorbitant pricing of sovaldi whilst assessing the accessibility of the drug for individuals in Pakistan. Approach IRead MoreA Brief Note On The Cost Of Advancement1960 Words   |  8 Pagesforms, whether it be from improved hygiene, new drugs, vaccines, new and improved medical procedures, better monitoring equipment, or even preventative tests and early diagnosis, all of this has played a part in increasing global life expectancy through the years. In this paper I will focus in on one of these aspects: drugs. Big pharmaceutical companies have been extremely busy with research and development for new drugs. 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Once the liver and the body actually show signs of symptoms or damage, Hepatitis C has become a chronic infection. This is when the person becomes aware of the infection themselves due to a routine doctor s appointment that results in elevated liverRead MoreHepatitis C : An Infection Of The Blood1127 Words   |  5 Pages75%-85% would then become Chronic Hepatitis C infections. Due to the lack of symptoms at onset, I m left to ponder what the true amount of infected persons in the United States realistically is. The symptoms may not appear for up to 20 years in some cases. Once the liver and body actually show signs of symptoms or damage, 3 Hepatitis C has become a chronic infection. This is when the person becomes aware of the infection themselves due to a routine doctor s appointment that results inRead MoreVaccine For Hiv Happen On The Horizon By 2030924 Words   |  4 Pagescure HIV/AIDS has come a long way. Researchers have spanned a wide variety of research which includes: drug development, HIV vaccines, pre-exposure prophylaxis, or post-exposure prophylaxis. Drug development can take a long time to get developed. Through the process with Preclinical, Clinical Phase, Cost, Valuation, and Success Rate in the Mix; it can take years upon years to develop a successful drug that is resistant to HIV. Prevention is Key! Education and word of mouth is also another way of getting

Cognitive Therapy Case Conceptualization Free Essays

The client: Elena Elena is an adolescent female, coming to the therapy process demonstrating through actions and words a great deal of anxiety and overall apathy for her situation. Elena is a smart, socially engaged Mexican American attending public high school. She opens the session with presenting problems regarding conflict over what she might do after high school. We will write a custom essay sample on Cognitive Therapy Case Conceptualization or any similar topic only for you Order Now Preliminary conceptualization from a cognitive perspective Overall, there is an obvious feeling of disempowered regarding her right and or ability to make life decisions. She comes from a close-knit family, though some of her siblings have moved away to seek out goals beyond those that they may feel their parents are putting upon them. She has recently begun to disengage academically and socially as she feels the urgency of choosing to adhere to family tradition or to go out on her own, like her peers. Though she says she has not yet made a decision, know that cognition mediates affect and behavior (Friedburg 101). From this perspective a therapist might conclude that her recent apathy toward academics and isolating herself from her peers show that she indeed is letting the thoughts of â€Å"I must listen to my parents† drive her life perspective. It is promising from a cognitive standpoint, that she shows some jealousy toward her boyfriend and others: Perhaps the anger when discussing her family dynamics and recent history is most telling that Elena could benefit from Beck’s Socratic dialogue. The pluralistic views that come from her own identity within her biculturalism are strongly embedded, and the therapist demonstrated this by demonstrating lots of open questions. Letting Elena focus on herself as an individual rather than a Mexican-American could lead to meaningful exploration and collaborative cognitive change to help Elena feel more empowered. When counseling adolescents from a cognitive perspective the counselor must remember that under any circumstances this may be the first time that these clients might see their actions and behaviors, and question the beliefs that may have become embedded during childhood. Elena obviously needs a relatively short-term look into these feelings due to her grades slipping and applying for colleges, if she so chooses. Asking a client â€Å"what is going through your mind right now† (Murdock 337) is one of the base approaches to beginning to help the client recognize their individual thought patterns. This is a question that is difficult for many adults, and though adolescents in general can be more open to change, Elena’s worldview as a bicultural young woman is overpowering any other automatic thoughts that she might have; it is culturally appropriate for a young Mexican American to disregard her own thoughts and needs for the good of the family—which Elena does in fact voice (Rochlen 2009). As an observer to this case scenario, the challenge, due to age and culture, seems very difficult. The video demonstrates this strong schema Elena has developed that exudes this overwhelming disempowerment. I believe this schema of overall disempowerment is deeply embedded and will be difficult to challenge through cognitive therapy. Additionally, Mexican culture tends to see the counselor as â€Å"expert† and the collaborative aspect of cognitive therapy may prove to be at the least uncomfortable for Elena, if not ineffective. Elena may continue to rely on others’ to make decisions for her, to give her an unconditional guarantee (Corey 107), if this base belief cannot be penetrated due to adherence to cultural tradition, fear of change, or if Elena is unable to begin to identify these automatic thoughts. Possible cognitive strategies In general, Latino Americans traditionally have strong family bonds and honor generational wisdom (Sue 377) Through the current political venue of the United States and popular culture, Mexican-Americans may fall prey to stereotypes and inherently feel a disconnect or poor self-image: American beliefs certainly account for this inner struggle Elena is feeling. Because this is pervasive and overarching in American culture where to begin with Elena in imperative. There is a lot behind these feelings, and as an adolescent who is struggling the counselor should take these omnipresent cultural truths into consideration. It is promising to me that Elena is already speaking about her siblings: I see this as an open door for initiating questions that challenge Elena’s view of herself as a young Mexican American. I would certainly recognize Elena’s frustration and give lots of positive regard as she speaks about her presenting problem. Cognitively, I would go back to Elena’s conversation regarding the varying paths her siblings have chosen. I would respectfully move through this aspect of cognitive therapy so as to not threaten Elena’s loyalty to her family. Since Beck’s model is based on a leading rather than a more confrontational approach, I would use this to my advantage to allow her to explore her emotions about her siblings and their life choices. I see this as an aspect of Elena’s life experience that may allow Elena to begin to explore self-identity outside of the effects of biculturalism. Keeping the central focus of thought exploration on how she might challenge her beliefs about her life choices through reflecting on her siblings’ life choices may be a safe way to allow Elena to begin connecting the deeper thoughts behind her ability to make life choices. From a cognitive perspective and the lens of cultural identity, my goal for Elena would be for her to begin understanding that many are facing overwhelming decisions within their own cultural context. At some point everyone must decide to respect family wishes or go out on her own. Elena would be challenged to explore the beliefs she holds regarding herself as a Mexican American; she could begin to see how the complex construct is not a means to an end. Helping Elena expose automatic thoughts and change subsequent behaviors could serve to identify the struggle she will face as a bicultural woman in America today. Obviously, this grander focus this approach toward the â€Å"big picture† provides empowerment, but is daunting. Collaboratively, it would be ideal to praise Elena for exploring her identity on a grander scale. At this point, I would encourage Elena to do some homework: Her recent social isolation undermines her support system and exploration of self-identity. Many of her friends to do not sound as if they are struggling as bicultural adolescents: Meeting with a Latino cultural group on her local college campus would be an ideal way to allow her to feel empowered as well as supported. I am sure that many others have faced this kind of multicultural dilemma in their formative years, and have come up with myriad life choices. Though I can help Elena begin to understand and possibly question her core beliefs that drive her behaviors, she will need safe and pertinent ways to explore them. Elena is a very intelligent young lady, and I do think from our observation that she inherently knows that as well. Finding places and people with whom she can identify will empower her—not pressuring her into making a decision about her next step in life; with a goal toward hearing other stories of biculturalism in America and give her a comfortable place to explore her wishes for her own future and how she might find congruency between her choices and her heritage. I am certain that once her belief of what it means to be Mexican-American is challenged in some authentic way, she will begin to explore her automatic thoughts about cultural identity. My hope in working with Elena from a cognitive perspective is that she will begin to see her own identity and realize how her own thoughts had created a situation that most certainly is not the only possible scenario for her path in life. Relevant multicultural considerations From the perspective of a bilingual educator and a culturally aware individual, I was ultimately unable to separate Elena’s biculturalism from the cognitive approaches and questioning that I would practice with Elena. Though this aspect of Elena’s life situation appears hopeless to her now, I believe through finding authentic ways to identify with successful, independent Mexican-Americans she might begin to expose the prevailing automatic thoughts leading her to these isolating, dichotomous conclusions. The last relevant multicultural aspect that I have not addressed is it would be imperative that I find an opportunity to speak with Elena’s family, and connect them with other families who are raising children in a bicultural environment. This is ideal because Latino families need opportunities to be involved in the community and support one another in myriad ways. non-productive cognitive approaches Note how at the beginning of this integrated discourse regarding Elena’s pull toward family tradition and sense of loss for her dreams of going to college I was careful to note which door felt safe and respectful to collaboratively open with Elena. Siblings, cousins, aunts and uncles may â€Å"stay out of family business† such as the pressure from her mother, but it would be culturally insensitive for me to have Elena challenge her thoughts and risking her attaching them to family ties. That is already were Elena is, and traditionally Mexican-Americans see the counselor as â€Å"expert,† which could disengage long-standing family traditions and dynamics. I am convinced that approaching Elena through questions about herself, her riends, her academic life, and family would have made her feel that cognition is knowable and accessible, which is an underlying foundation of Beck’s theory. If a counselor were to solely base their approach, without multicultural considerations, on cognitive therapy with Elena as an individual it could serve to not allow herself to fully feel her human emotions, nor to bring awareness that change is central to the human process. I do not think asking Elena to explain how her beliefs construct her reality without first finding meaningful ways for her to relate to others outside of herself could she effect any change at all. Cognitive therapy, through the lens of multiculturalism, must always consider the bigger picture of what their life perspective really is: If challenged directly about her mother Elena may have only further solidified her commitment to fail at school to have a concrete reason to obey her parents. How to cite Cognitive Therapy Case Conceptualization, Essay examples

Lord Of The Flies, Comparison Of Ralph And Jack Essays - Fiction

Lord Of The Flies, Comparison of Ralph and Jack Lord Of The Flies, Comparison of Ralph and Jack There are always people who, in a group, come out with better qualities as a leader than others. The strongest people however, become the greater influences, which the others decide to follow. However, sometimes the strongest person is not the best choice. Authors often show how humans select this stronger person, in order to give an understanding of the different powers that some people can posses over others. In William Golding's novel, Lord of the Flies Ralph though not the stronger person, demonstrates a better understanding of people which gives Ralph better leadership qualities than Jack. Ralph displays useful human qualities as a leader by working towards the betterment of the boys' society. He knows that in order to stay civilized the boys need stability and order. He creates rules and a simple form of government to achieve this order. Ralph understands that the boys, particularly Piggy, have to be given respect and must be treated as equals. This makes Ralph a better leader, as he is able to acknowledge that he was not superior to any of the other boys. Ralph's wisdom and ability to look to the future also make him a superior leader. Ralph has the sense to keep his focus on getting off the island. He insists on keeping the fire burning as a distress signal. Ralph's leadership provides peace and order to the island while Jack's leadership creates chaos. Under Jack's rule, the boys become uncivilized savages. They have no discipline. Ralph, however, keeps the boys under order through the meetings, which he himself calls. At these meetings a sense of order is instilled because the boys have to wait until they hold the conch to speak. When Ralph says, "I'll give the conch to the next person to speak. He can hold it when he's speaking." (Golding 36) by making such rules as these, and by giving the boys the stability of an authority figure, mainly himself, he enforces his role of leader. He wins the boys respect and confidence in his leadership abilities. Ralph uses his authority to try to improve the boys' society. By building shelters he demonstrates his knowledge of the boys' needs. When he says to Jack, "They talk and scream. The littluns. Even some of the others." (Golding 56) he is referring to why the boys need shelters; they are afraid. Jack fails to realize the boys need security, stability and order in their society. Ralph understands that by building the shelters, the boys will feel more secure. This illustrates his superior knowledge of people, which makes him a better leader than Jack. Ralph's treatment of the boys demonstrates his understanding of how people should be treated. While Jack considers the boys inferior to himself, Ralph treats the boys as equals. Ralph's superior leadership qualities are reflected in his constant defence of Piggy. Piggy is the weakest of the group and is therefore treated unfairly much of the time. When Jack hits Piggy and breaks his glasses, Ralph calls it "A dirty trick." (Golding 78) Ralph's compassion and ability to empathize with others thus illustrating his understanding of people; while at the same time demonstrates Jack's disregard for other humans. Ralph's "government" is a form of democracy which gives each boy equal rights and an ability to express themselves. Jack treats the boys, especially Piggy, as inferiors. When Jack gets meat from hunting, he gives everyone some except for Piggy. When Piggy asks for some, Jack says, "You didn't hunt." (Golding 80) Ralph and many of the littluns did not hunt, yet only this treatment is directed at Piggy. Jack's contempt for Piggy shows his inability to understand people, while a good leader would take care of all of his followers. Ralph possesses this understanding and is therefore a better leader. Ralph's common sense and ability to recognize what is best for the group as a whole further demonstrates his superior leadership skills. His main focus throughout the book is getting rescued and he puts much emphasis on this. He instructs the boys to make a fire and to keep it burning as a distress signal. When the boys do not share his enthusiasm for getting rescued, he becomes exasperated. "The fire is the most important thing on the island. How can we ever be rescued except by luck, if we don't keep the fire going?" (Golding 88) Ralph's determination to get rescued is not for purely selfish reasons, but rather, it is in the best interest of